Immunisation: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is offered to 12-13 year-olds through the National Immunisation Program.

Screening: The National Cervical Screening Program offers a five-yearly HPV test for women aged 25–74 years and aims to detect early changes in the cervix.

HPV-vaccinated women still require cervical screening tests because the HPV vaccine does not protect against all oncogenic HPV types.

Primary health practitioners are crucial in encouraging women to screen regularly.

Prevention: Cervical cancer is preventable through HPV immunisation and screening.

Risk factors: Long-term infection with certain types of HPV is known to be the cause of most cervical cancers.